SAR (structure-activity relationship) of Aspirin

  Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid, is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is primarily used to reliev...

 

Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid, is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is primarily used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and lower fever. Its SAR can be summarized as follows:

• The presence of the acetyl group (COCH3) on the salicylic acid molecule is essential for aspirin's pharmacological activity.
• The acetyl group helps to increase the lipophilicity of the molecule, which improves its ability to cross cell membranes and reach its target sites.
• The acetyl group also helps to reduce the acidity of the molecule, making it less likely to cause stomach irritation and ulcers.
• The para position (position 4) of the benzene ring is the preferred site of acetylation, as it provides optimal binding to the active site of the COX (cyclooxygenase) enzyme.
• Substitution at other positions on the benzene ring can alter the potency and selectivity of the molecule, but may also increase the risk of toxicity and side effects.
• Overall, the SAR of aspirin highlights the importance of the acetyl group and the para position of the benzene ring for its therapeutic activity and safety profile.