Reaction Summary Starting reaction occurs in-between hydrazine hydrate and ammonium thiocyanate that produces 1, 2-bis (thiocar...
Starting reaction occurs in-between hydrazine hydrate and ammonium thiocyanate that produces 1, 2-bis (thiocarbamoyl) hydrazine which on further treatment with phosgene undergoes rearrangements, particularly molecular rearrangement through loss of ammonia to form 5-amino-2-mercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole. Upon acylation of 5-amino-2-mercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole gives a corresponding amide which on oxidation with aqueous chlorine affords the 2-sulphonyl chloride. The final step essentially consists of amidation by treatment with ammonia.
Brief Pharmacology
- Acetazolamide is prtotype in carbonic anhydrase inhibitors,
- Acetzolamide act at the proximal tubule, where carbonic anhydrase is membrane-bound and normally catalyses H2CO3-> H2O + CO2 in the lumen and the reverse reaction in the cytoplasm. By blocking CA, acetazolamide inhibit NaHCO3 reabsorption in the proximal tubule.
- Used to treat
- glaucoma,
- drug-induced edema,
- heart failure-induced edema,
- centrencephalic epilepsy
- and in reducing intraocular pressure after surgery.